Germinability and Seedling Growth Performance of Chilli (Capsicum annuum) Seeds in Response to Different Gibberellic Acid Concentrations Pre-Treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.2.2022Keywords:
Endogenous Dormancy, Seed Quality, Imbibe Seed, Priming, YieldAbstract
Chilli seeds are always associated with physiological dormancy characteristics or endogenous dormancy that has affected their germination potential. Problems noticed on the low seed germination rate, vigour growth, further may lead to the poor seedling growth pattern of chilli crop production. Gibberellic Acid (GA3) which is usually used as a treatment solution is not a new advent of seed dormancy breaking methods for chilli. But, looking forwards to a better GA3 concentration is still needed for the discovery of this treatment potential effect on chilli seed germinability and seedling growth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different GA3 concentrations on seed emergence and seedling growth performance in chilli. In this experiment, chilli seeds were imbibed with 25 mg/L, 75 mg/L and 125 mg/L concentration of GA3 with three replications each; for 24 hours at room temperature (32±4°C) and the untreated seeds as a control. The data collection on final germination percentage was taken daily for 21 days after sowing. While the 15 germinated seeds were directly planted on the 5 polybags arranged in the net house of Junaidy Jonik Farm, Sabah, Malaysia. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance with SAS version 9.4 and the significant means were separated by the least significant difference test at P<0.05. Significant differences were observed in the seed germinability measured; germination rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT) and final germination percentage (FGP), as well as on seedling vigour index (SVI) between treated and control seeds. Conversely, plant height, number of internodes, number of leaves and fresh weight of seedlings showed no significant differences among treatments. It was concluded that the use of GA3 was able to enhance chilli seeds germinability and could display a better SVI than the control. It is recommended to use GA3 treatment at 25 mg/L of concentration, as it may give an advantage to both economic and biological importance in producing higher germinability and seedling growth performance in chilli.
Downloads
References
Abdul‐Baki, A. A., & Anderson, J. D. (1973). Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria 1. Crop science, 13(6), 630-633.
Alcalá-Rico, J. S. G. J., López-Benítez, A., Vázquez-Badillo, M. E., Sánchez-Aspeytia, D., Rodríguez-Herrera, S. A., Pérez-Rodríguez, M. Á., & Ramírez-Godina, F. (2019). Seed physiological potential of Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum genotypes and their answers to pre-germination treatments. Agronomy, 9(6), 325.
Bareke, T. (2018). Biology of seed development and germination physiology. Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research. 8(4), 336-46.
Baskin, J. M., & Baskin, C. C. (2004). A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed science research, 14(1), 1-16.
Benech-Arnold, R. L., Rodriguez, M. V., & Batlla, D. (2013). Seed Dormancy and Agriculture, Physiology. In: Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 1 - 11. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289024303_Seed_Dormancy_Seed_dormancy_and_Agriculture_ agricultureagricultural_Physiology on 14 May, 2021.
Debbarma, A., Devi, J., Barua, M., & Sarma, D. (2018). Germination performance of chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as affected by seed priming treatments. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(1), 2648-265.
Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2019). Supply and Utilization Accounts Selected Agricultural Commodities, Malaysia 2015-2019. Retrieved from https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=164&bul_id=OTM1TDMzS1IvYm5mU1JiU1Fwekt3UT09&menu_id=Z0VTZGU1UHBUT1VJMFlpaXRRR0xpdz09 on 29 March, 2021.
El‐Keblawy, A. (2017). Light and temperature requirements during germination of potential perennial grasses for rehabilitation of degraded sandy Arabian deserts. Land Degradation & Development, 28(5), 1687-1695.
Ellis, R. H. (1992). Seed and seedling vigour in relation to crop growth and yield. Plant growth regulation, 11(3), 249-255.
Esechie, H. A. (1994). Interaction of salinity and temperature on the germination of sorghum. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 172(3), 194-199.
Fox, G. A., Evans, A. S., & Keefer, C. J. (1995). Phenotypic consequences of forcing germination: a general problem of intervention in experimental design. American Journal of Botany, 82(10), 1264-1270.
Government of Western Australia. (2013). Seed Notes for Western Australia. Retrieved From https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/about-us/science-and-research/publications-resources/114-seed-notes-for-western-australia on 26 May, 2021.
Gupta, R., & Chakrabarty, S. K. (2013). Gibberellic acid in plant: still a mystery unresolved. Plant signaling & behavior, 8(9), e25504.
Huda, M. N. (2001). Why quality seed? Reality and vision, Bangladesh context. Bangladesh-German Seed Development Project, Dhaka, Bangladesh. pp. 90.
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2019). Method Validation Reports on Rules Proposals for the International Rules for Seed Testing 2020 Edition. Retrieved fromhttps://www.seedtest.org/upload/cms/user/OGM1907ISTAMethodValidationReports1.pdf on 13 May, 2021.
Jabatan Pertanian. (2016). Pelan Strategik Jabatan Pertanian 2016-2020. Retrieved From http://www.doa.gov.my/index/resources/aktiviti_sumber/sumber_awam/maklumat_pertanian/perangkaan_tanaman/booklet_statistik_tanaman_2020.pdf on 8 July, 2021.
Jabatan Pertanian. (2020). Booklet Statistic Tanaman (Sub-Sektor Tanaman Makanan 2020). Retrieved from http://www.doa.gov.my/index/resources/aktiviti_sumber/ sumber_awam/maklumat_pertanian/perangkaan_tanaman/booklet_statistik_tanaman_2020.pdf on 23 March, 2021.
Jyoti, B., Gaurav, S. S., & Pant, U. (2016). Use of growth regulators as priming agent for improvement of seed vigour in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(1), 84-87.
Muhammad, N. A., Abdullah, S. N. A. I., & Hashim, S. N. (2017). A preliminary study on pre- treatment solutions towards chili seeds germination. Journal of Academia, 5(1), 61-68.
Prasad, B. C., Gururaj, H. B., Kumar, V., Giridhar, P., Parimalan, R., Sharma, A., & Ravishankar, G. A. (2006). Influence of 8-methyl-nonenoic acid on capsaicin biosynthesis in in-vivo and in-vitro cell cultures of Capsicum spp. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(5), 1854-1859.
Orchard, T. J. (1977). Estimating the parameters of plant seedling emergence. Seed Science and Technology, 5(1), 61-69.
Roberts, E. H., & Osei-Bonsu, K. (1988). Seed and seedling vigour. In: World crops: Cool season food legumes. Springer, Dordrecht. pp. 897-910.
Scott, S. J., Jones, R. A., & Williams, W. (1984). Review of data analysis methods for seed germination 1. Crop science, 24(6), 1192-1199.
Singh, M., & Upadhyaya, H. D. (2015). Genetic and genomic resources for grain cereals improvement. Academic Press.
Sinha, N. K., Bhadana, V. P., Meena, S. R., & Giri, S. P. (2017). Seed dormancy its alleviation and importance in agriculture. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1, 333-334.
Swapan, C., Islam, A. K. M. M., & Islam, A. K. M. A. (2017). Nutritional benefits and pharmaceutical potentialities of chili: A review. Fundamental and Applied Agriculture, 2(2), 227-232.
The Edge Malaysia. (2020). Special Report: The State of the Nation: Bridging the Gap Between Agriculture and Food Security. Retrieved from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/ article/special-report-state-nation-bridging-gap-between-agriculture-and-foodsecurity on 15 June, 2021.
Tuan, P. A., Kumar, R., Rehal, P. K., Toora, P. K., & Ayele, B. T. (2018). Molecular mechanisms underlying abscisic acid/gibberellin balance in the control of seed dormancy and germination in cereals. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 668.
Weinstein, R. (2019). Maximizing gibberellic acid’s efficiency to increase growth. Retrieved from https://www.sciencebuzz.com/maximizing-gibberellic-acid-efficiency-to-increase-growth/ on 18 June, 2021.
Wong, K. V. (2017). The health benefits of hot, spicy foods, with the use of chili peppers. EC Nutrition, 9(2), 116-120.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 arsvot
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
