The Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Types and Concentration on Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) Growth and Yield
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v4i2.9.2025Keywords:
PGPR type, PGPR concentration, soybean, growth, yieldAbstract
This study evaluated the effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) types and concentrations on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). The experiment was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 in Krapyak Village, Jepara Regency, Indonesia, at an altitude of approximately 20 m above sea level on latosol soil. The study employed a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two factors: PGPR type (without PGPR, bamboo root PGPR, and commercial PGPR) and PGPR concentration (0, 10, 20, and 30 ml L⁻¹), with three replications. Observed parameters included vegetative growth traits (plant height, number of branches, flowering time), yield components (total pods per plant, empty pods, 100-seed dry weight, seed dry weight per plot), and biomass accumulation (plant fresh and dry weight). The results showed that PGPR type significantly affected the number of branches at 4 weeks after planting (WAP), total pod number, and plant fresh and dry weight. Commercial PGPR produced the highest number of branches, total pods, and biomass accumulation. PGPR concentration of 20 ml L⁻¹ resulted in the highest number of branches at 4 WAP. Significant interactions between PGPR type and concentration were observed for plant fresh and dry weight. However, PGPR application had no significant effect on plant height, flowering time, 100-seed dry weight, or seed dry weight per plot. Overall, the results indicate that PGPR effectiveness depends on microbial source and optimal concentration, with commercial PGPR showing greater potential to enhance soybean vegetative growth and pod formation under field conditions.
Downloads
References
Adi Pratama, R., & Zakiah, K. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) dan PGPR terhadap Bintil Akar Tanaman Kedelai Hitam. JAGROS, 2(1), 36–41.
Alfa Mustafa, P., Paulus, J. M., & Polii, M. G. (2023). Growth Response and Yield of Soybean Plants at Concentration Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) From Bamboo Root (Bambusa sp.). Jurnal Agri-SosioEkonomi Unsrat, 19(1), 579–584.
Alpandari, H., Prakoso, T., Suharijanto, & Widiatmoko, A. (2025). Pengaruh Dosis Dan Frekuensi Kcl Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Di Jaken, Pati. Jurnal Viabel Pertanian, 19(1).
Amaliah, B. N., Irfan, M., Mutakin, J., & Sativa, N. (2023). Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Terhadap Waktu Perendaman dan Konsentrasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Agroteknika, 6(2), 213–225. https://doi.org/10.55043/agroteknika.v6i2.225
Anwar, K., Alpandari, H., Prakoso, T., & Herlina, N. (2025). The Impact Of Nitrogen Balance And Liquid Organic Fertilizer From Cow Urine On The Growth And Production Of Pakcoy Plants (Brassica chinensis L.) In Regosol Soil. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 13(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v13i1.7648
Chieb, M., & Gachomo, E. W. (2023). The role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in plant drought stress responses. BMC Plant Biology, 23(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04403-8
Dubey, A., Saiyam, D., Kumar, A., Hashem, A., Abduallah, E. F., & Khan, M. L. (2021). Bacterial root endophytes: Characterization of their competence and plant growth promotion in soybean (glycine max (L.) merr.) under drought stress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030931
Erwan, S., Istiqomah, N., & Mahdiannoor, M. (2019). Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Bokashi Jerami Padi yang Difermentasikan dengan PGPR Akar Bambu pada Tanaman Kedelai. RAWA SAINS : JURNAL SAINS STIPER AMUNTAI, 9(1), 688–698. https://doi.org/10.36589/rs.v9i1.93
Fuskhah, E., & Darmawati, A. (2020). Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Growth and Production of Black Soybean (Glycine max L. Merill) on Various Types of Manure and Concentration of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Buletin Anatomi Dan Fisiologi, 5(1), 52–59.
Hafiz Sitompul, F., & Mardiyah, A. (2022). Pengaruh Waktu Aplikasi Pgpr (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) Dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Kedelai Hitam (Glycine max L.). Agrosamudra, 9(1), 2716–4101.
Jabborova, D., Kannepalli, A., Davranov, K., Narimanov, A., Enakiev, Y., Syed, A., Elgorban, A. M., Bahkali, A. H., Wirth, S., Sayyed, R. Z., & Gafur, A. (2021). Co-inoculation of rhizobacteria promotes growth, yield, and nutrient contents in soybean and improves soil enzymes and nutrients under drought conditions. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01337-9
Mustari, A., Bahri, S., & Juanda, R. B. (2023). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Hayati Pgpr Dan Dosis Biourin Sapi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine max L.). Agrosamudra, 10(1), 7–14.
Nur Fajri, W., Nur Afifah, A., Widyastuti, W., Alpandari, H., Prakoso, T., & Anwar, S. (2025). Pembangunan Pertanian: Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Pertanian Urban (Urban farming) Di Kota Kudus. Journal Agribusiness Sciences, 9(1), 2614–6037. https://doi.org/10.30596/jasc.v9i1.24218
Paulus, J. M., & Tooy, D. (2024). Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Growth and Yield of Soybean. Journal of Agriculture, 3(01), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.47709/joa.v3i01.3613
Pereira, S. I. A., Abreu, D., Moreira, H., Vega, A., & Castro, P. M. L. (2020). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve the growth and nutrient use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) under water deficit conditions. Heliyon, 6(10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05106
Prakoso, T., & Alpandari, H. (2024). The Physiological Properties and Growth of Eggplant Plant (Solanum melongena L.) due to Applicated of Nitrogen and Iron on Hoagland solution. Jurnal Agroekotek, 16(2), 119–134.
Prakoso, T., Ariyanto, S. E., Widyastuti, W., & Murrinie, E. D. (2023). Perbaikan Bahan Tanam Kopi Robusta Sebagai Perintisan Desa Agrowisata Desa Ternadi Kecamatan Dawe, Kabupaten Kudus. Madaniya, 4(4), 1844–1850.
Prakoso, T., & Khakim, L. (2024). Response Of Planting Distance And Urea Dosage On The Growth And Yield Of Sweet Corn Plants (Zea mays saccharata. Sturt). Jurnal Pertanian Agros, 26(2), 1214–1221.
Putri, H. R., Nufus, N. H., & Azhari, A. P. (2024). The Effect Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Putri Malu Root On The Growth And Yield Of Two Soybean Varieties. Ganec Swara, 18(2), 1139–1146.
Ramadhan, A., Nurhayati, D. R., & Bahri, S. (2022). BIOFARM Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Pengaruh Pupuk Npk Mutiara (16-16-16) terhadap Pertumbuhan beberapa Varietas Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiata L.) Effect of Npk Mutiara (16-16-16) Fertilizer on the Growth of Several Varieties of Green Beans (Vigna Radiata L.). Biofarm : Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 18(1).
Ratna, Ayu Kade Sutariati, G., & Muhidin. (2024). Efektivitas Perlakuan Rizobakteri Tanah Salin dan Pupuk Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Di Lingkungan Pesisir. Journal of Agronomi Research, 12(1), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.33772/bpa.v12i1.906
Sebastian, N., & Banjarnahor, D. (2019). Evaluasi pertumbuhan generatif dan hasil tanaman kedelai varietas grobogan di kecamatan Pabelan dan kecamatan Bancak, kabupaten Semarang. AGRILAND Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 7(2), 135–143. https://jurnal.uisu.ac.id/index.php/agriland
Srg, J. R., & Harahap, S. R. (2023). Pengaruh Ekstra Lidah Buaya ( Aloe vera) Sebagai ZPT Alami untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea). Jurnal Agroplasma, 10(2), 648–654.
Swarnalakshmi, K., Yadav, V., Tyagi, D., Dhar, D. W., Kannepalli, A., & Kumar, S. (2020). Significance of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in grain legumes: Growth promotion and crop production. In Plants (Vol. 9, Issue 11, pp. 1–25). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111596
Tyas, N. T., Fitriani, D., Podesta, F., Usman, & Suryadi. (2025). The Effect Of PGPR Biostimulant Concentration and Phosphorus Dosage on the Growth and Yield of Black Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril). Nabatia, 13(2), 143–154. https://doi.org/10.21070/nabatia.v13i2.1667
Umami, A., & Wiharyanti, R. (2025). Efektivitas PGPR dan Nanosilika terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai Varietas Anjasmoro di Tanah Regosol. Jurnal; Agro Wiralodra, 8(2), 57–66.
Vocciante, M., Grifoni, M., Fusini, D., Petruzzelli, G., & Franchi, E. (2022). The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Mitigating Plant’s Environmental Stresses. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031231
Wicaksono, I., Astuti, A., & Isnawan, B. H. (2024). Transformasi Sistem Pangan menuju Kedaulatan Pertanian Uji efektivitas konsentrasi PGPR dari perakaran bambu dan urin kelinci pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kedaulatan Pertanian UMY, 1(1), 235–248.
Zhang, T., Jian, Q., Yao, X., Guan, L., Li, L., Liu, F., Zhang, C., Li, D., Tang, H., & Lu, L. (2024). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve the growth and quality of several crops. Heliyon, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31553
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tangguh Prakoso, Heny Alpandari, Ilham Kuncoro Aji, Aisyah Febry Tri Astuti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
