Asian Journal of Vocational Education And Humanities

Assessing Meteorological Drivers of PM2.5 in a Tropical Coastal Industrial Zone: A Comparative Study of Linear and Interpretable Machine Learning Models in Perai, Penang

Hongzhi Lu — 2026-05-27

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) prediction in tropical coastal industrial zones is complicated by continuous industrial emissions, localized precipitation, sea-breeze circulation, and humidity-related measurement effects. This study developed a comparative and interpretable framework for daily PM2.5 estimation in the Perai Heavy Industrial Zone, Penang, using 97 concurrent observations from 2025-2026. Four meteorological predictors--temperature, wind speed, pressure, and precipitation--were evaluated with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). MLR achieved the strongest baseline predictive performance, indicating that simple linear structure can remain competitive when sample size is limited and temporal leakage is controlled. XGBoost was retained for interpretation because it captured non-linear local interactions more effectively than the other ensemble alternative. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) identified temperature and precipitation as the dominant drivers. The positive precipitation-PM2.5 relationship suggests that hygroscopic aerosol growth and optical sensor response may partly offset the expected wet-scavenging effect in this setting. The findings show that localized, interpretable modelling can support air-quality warning, sensor calibration, and meteorology-sensitive emission management in tropical industrial regions.

From Code to Kebaya: Implementation of Scratch Dress Up Game to Exploration of Traditional Clothing Trends

Risti Eka Helfiyan — 2026-06-27

This study explores the fusion of cultural heritage and modern innovation in contemporary kebaya design, focusing on the exploration of design trends, materials, and silhouettes. Kebaya, as a traditional Indonesian dress, has transformed into a dynamic fashion statement, integrated into modern lifestyles while maintaining its essence. Designers today are faced with the challenge of creating works that are not only visually appealing, but also have a depth of cultural meaning and adopt sustainable practices. This phenomenon raises the question of how the identity of the kebaya is maintained while being adapted through contemporary silhouettes, innovative materials, and modern details, extending to the realm of interactive media such as game development. Scratch-based game development plays a central role in this context, simplifying complex programming into intuitive blocks. This approach overcomes students' difficulties in translating abstract concepts into concrete designs. Through Scratch's drag-and-drop interface and instant preview, students can manipulate the kebaya in real-time, deepening their understanding of style transformations and combinations. This study aims to develop the process of exploring kebaya trends, identifying natural materials, and analyzing the aesthetic results and uniqueness of kebaya trends. The findings confirm the potential of visual programming as a bridge between design theory and creative practice, strengthening the understanding of the aesthetics and functionality of modern kebaya.

‘The Scratch’ Approach in Ulos Revitalization: A Digital Pre-Prototyping Framework for Contemporary Vest Design

Sirait Widya Sia Ulina — 2026-06-27

The revitalization of traditional textiles in contemporary fashion often faces bottlenecks during the initial design phase due to high costs and structural constraints in physical prototyping. This study introduces "The Scratch Approach" as an innovative, low-cost digital pre-prototyping framework for transforming traditional Batak Ulos into contemporary vest collections. Guided by the ADDIE model, this qualitative research gathered insights from fashion industry experts, traditional artisans (partonun), and fashion academics. The empirical data were evaluated using a rigorous six-stage thematic analysis. The findings indicate that while physical prototyping heavily limits design exploration, Scratch effectively serves as an accessible digital sandbox. Through its modular sprite features and customizable visual blocks, the platform democratizes the design process, enabling rapid garment silhouette iterations, step-by-step assembly animations, and texture simulations without the risk of destroying rare, expensive physical textiles. Ultimately, this study provides a validated framework that successfully bridges cultural heritage preservation with modern sustainable fashion demands.

Girls Day in The Digital World: Developing Creativity Through Dress Up Games in The Scratch App

Aqilah Yuliant — 2026-06-27

The paradigm shift in contemporary fashion design toward the digital realm represents a fundamental revolution, opening unique opportunities for children to interact innovatively with mode. However, the explicit integration of fashion design with children's creativity through digital platforms is often suboptimal. This research aims to fill this gap by developing a Scratch-based dress-up game prototype titled "Girls Day" as a tool to stimulate creativity, simultaneously identifying the key game elements effective in encouraging creativity and analyzing their potential impact on children's expressive abilities. The ADDIE methodology (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) is adopted as a systematic and iterative framework for the game's development and evaluation, effectively integrating artistic aspects with technological skills. As an anticipated main finding, the game is expected to facilitate active and constructive learning, with interactive features that significantly enhance children's creative expression and visual literacy in fashion design. It is concluded that this Scratch-based game prototype is effective as an empowering digital educational tool, successfully integrating fashion design concepts with basic computational skills. It is recommended that digital products of this kind be integrated into project-based learning curricula and that further research be conducted on their long-term effectiveness.

Maroccan Architectural Traces in Fashion: A Dress-up Fashion Design Based on Traditional Aesthetic Structures

Faza Rahmanita — 2026-06-27

This research explores the integration of Moroccan architectural aesthetics into dress-up fashion design and the potential use of the Scratch platform as a design and education tool. Contemporary fashion design paradigms emphasise cultural identity and sustainability, yet dress-up fashion design in Indonesia still shows homogeneity. We identify a gap in the exploration of non-Western architectural aesthetics and propose an innovative approach that incorporates Moroccan visual heritage. Research objectives include developing a process for applying art architecture to fashion design, identifying natural materials for patterns, and analysing the aesthetics and uniqueness of the resulting designs, including implementation through Scratch. Using the ADDIE methodology and qualitative data collection through interviews, document analysis, and observations from experts and practitioners, we found that Moroccan architectural elements such as geometric patterns, curvilinear shapes, and ornamental details are highly relevant. Scratch proved effective as an intuitive digital prototyping tool, facilitating interactive visualisation and rapid design iteration. This research shows that the integration of Moroccan architectural aesthetics, supported by Scratch, not only enriches creative expression but also offers an efficient and interactive design method in fashion design practice and education.

Harmonization of Maroon and Sage Green Colors in Contemporary Kebaya Design: An Analysis of Aesthetics and Trend Relevance

Shafa Avrilya — 2026-06-27

This research analyzes the harmonization of maroon and sage green colors in contemporary kebaya design, exploring its aesthetics and trend relevance. Although the kebaya has transformed, a deep understanding of the specific color harmonization principles remains limited. The objectives include analyzing the aesthetic principles of the color combination, identifying its relevance and acceptance in formal/traditional fashion trends, and exploring its design implications and identity representation. Utilizing the ADDIE framework, this study conducted in-depth interviews with nine expert respondents from industry experts, practitioners, and academics, with data analyzed thematically. Findings indicate that maroon and sage green create a complex visual harmony, are popular as a fresh alternative in the Indonesian market, and represent the identity of modern women who value cultural heritage. A Scratch application was also developed as an interactive and pedagogical tool for simulation and exploration of kebaya color design.

Vest Design Innovation from Denim Waste: Exploration of Sustainable Weaving Techniques and Scratch Touch

Mahdiyah Zarifah — 2026-06-27

This study investigates design innovation for vest products using denim waste processed through weaving techniques, responding to the increasing demand for sustainable and circular approaches in the contemporary fashion industry. Although vest garments are widely popular in Indonesia, the exploration of upcycled textile materials particularly denim waste remains limited and offers significant opportunities for both aesthetic and functional development. The aim of this research is to identify effective processing techniques for transforming denim waste into woven vest materials, to design vest products that integrate intentional scratch-touch aesthetics as a physical design element, and to examine the educational potential of the Scratch digital platform as a tool for visualising and communicating the upcycling process. This study distinguishes clearly between the two concepts: (1) scratch touch as a physical aesthetic finishing method applied to the woven denim material, and (2) the Scratch platform as a digital, non-material educational medium. Using a qualitative design approach supported by the ADDIE framework, the research includes analysis of denim waste characteristics, development of woven prototypes, design of vest products, and creation of an interactive Scratch-based visualisation. Data were collected through expert interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings show that denim waste can be effectively reconstructed through modified weaving techniques to produce structurally stable and visually appealing materials suitable for vest design. The scratch-touch aesthetic enhances the product narrative and aligns with sustainable fashion values, while the Scratch platform successfully supports user engagement and increases public understanding of upcycling processes. In conclusion, woven denim waste presents strong potential as an innovative sustainable material for fashion products when combined with thoughtful aesthetic finishing. The study recommends broader implementation of weaving-based upcycling techniques in fashion education and encourages the use of digital platforms such as Scratch to strengthen sustainability literacy among younger audiences.

Nesa Taylor: Development of a Sewing Simulation Game Mode Education for the Digital Generation of Young Designers in Scratch

Cintya Ayu Amelia — 2026-07-27

This research explores the development and potential of the "Nesa Taylor" sewing simulation game on the Scratch platform as a fashion education tool for the digital generation of aspiring young designers. Stemming from the need for teaching methods relevant to the interactive and technology-driven learning preferences of the current generation, this study adopts the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with fashion industry experts, education practitioners, and educational technology academics, which were then analyzed thematically. Findings indicate a strong consensus regarding the necessity for a paradigm shift in fashion education towards a digital approach, with simulation games like "Nesa Taylor" offering an immersive and interactive environment that bridges theory and practice. Scratch, as an intuitive visual programming platform, proves ideal for introducing fundamental fashion design and sewing concepts to young audiences. Although technical challenges related to complex physics simulation exist, "Nesa Taylor" successfully provides an effective, interactive, and engaging learning tool, fostering initial interest and foundational skills in the field of fashion design. This research affirms the role of educational game technology in preparing future young designers.

From Social Media Trends to Wardrobes: How Scratch Games Shaped the Y2K Fashion Style Store Collection

Erlita Rahma Salsabila — 2026-07-27

This study explores the role of user-generated gaming platforms, particularly Scratch, in shaping Y2K-style fashion collections amid the fast-paced dynamics of social media trends. The contemporary fashion landscape demands a data-driven approach to trend identification that goes beyond traditional methods. We identify a gap in the literature that has not sufficiently explored gaming platforms as a source of aesthetic trend data. Using a qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews of nine respondents from industry experts, practitioners, and academics, we analyze their perceptions of Y2K trend identification, the challenges of trend speed, and the potential of Scratch games. Findings indicate that social media dominates trend identification, yet respondents significantly acknowledge the potential of Scratch games as indicators of organic trends and incubators of aesthetics. Despite the challenge of trend speed, data from Scratch games offers opportunities for adaptive responses. This research contributes to the understanding of unconventional fashion trend forecasting, highlighting how fashion retailers can leverage insights from Scratch games to create relevant and unique Y2K collections.

The Use of Scratch as an Interactive Medium for Digital Fashion Catalogs: Creative Technology Integration in Education and the Local Creative Industry

Faroqatul Qismah — 2026-07-27

The fashion industry continues to evolve alongside advancements in digital technology and the growing demand for interactive visual experiences. However, many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and fashion design students still face limitations in creating innovative and accessible promotional media. This study explores the use of Scratch, a block-based visual programming platform, as an interactive medium for digital fashion product catalogs. The research adopts the ADDIE development model, encompassing the stages of needs analysis, interface design, prototype development, implementation, and evaluation based on feedback from designers, academics, and industry practitioners. The developed catalog prototype integrates navigation, animation, and sound elements to enhance user engagement. Findings indicate that Scratch enables the creation of interactive, aesthetic, and functional catalogs without requiring advanced programming skills. Beyond serving as a digital promotional tool, this approach also holds potential as a creative learning medium in the context of entrepreneurship and technological literacy. Thus, Scratch presents itself as an inclusive solution to support digital transformation in education and the local creative industry.

Preserving Culture: Introducing Indonesian Kebaya Through Scratch Creation

Nur Widya Rahmawati — 2026-07-27

This study explores the challenges of preserving and promoting traditional Indonesian kebaya attire amid globalization, particularly among younger generations and global audiences. The lack of relevant interactive educational media hinders the development of appreciation for this cultural heritage. To address this, the study proposes an interactive educational game using Scratch as an innovative approach. Employing the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) and collecting qualitative data through in-depth interviews with fashion experts, game practitioners, and academics, the research highlights Scratch’s potential as an effective medium for cultural education. Findings show that Scratch-based educational games can significantly enhance understanding and appreciation of kebaya, especially among children and teenagers, due to their intuitive and engaging nature. Participants stressed the importance of comprehensive content on kebaya’s history, types, and philosophies, supported by a user-friendly interface and culturally sensitive design. This study formulates an innovative learning model that encourages active youth participation in cultural preservation through digital technology, reaffirming gamification's vital role in transmitting cultural heritage.

Creative Fashion Learning: Introducing Ready-to-Wear Design Through Scratch Game Development

Valentina Citra — 2026-07-27

This study explores the development and implementation of a Scratch-based educational game as an innovative learning medium for introducing Ready-to-Wear (RTW) fashion design concepts to beginner learners. The growing integration of digital technology in education has encouraged educators to adopt interactive and student-centered learning approaches that can enhance engagement and learning effectiveness. In fashion education, particularly in introducing fundamental RTW concepts, students often encounter difficulties in understanding abstract topics such as design elements, design principles, consumer preferences, garment functionality, and market-oriented design thinking. Traditional instructional methods frequently rely on lectures and static visual materials, which may not sufficiently support active learning and practical application. Consequently, there is a growing need for technology-enhanced learning media capable of transforming theoretical concepts into meaningful and engaging educational experiences. Scratch, a visual block-based programming platform, offers an accessible environment for developing interactive educational games that combine creativity, visual communication, and learner participation.Using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model, this research investigates how gamification can support students’ understanding of RTW characteristics while simultaneously fostering creativity, problem-solving abilities, and digital literacy skills. The educational game incorporates various interactive features, including design challenges, simulations, quizzes, reward systems, and immediate feedback mechanisms that encourage learners to actively engage with fashion concepts