Asian Journal of Vocational Education And Humanities

Employability Skills and Career Adaptability Among TVET Students: What Matters?

Bai Zixuan — 2025-04-19

This study investigates the correlation between employability skills and career adaptability among Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) students in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China. As the number of graduates from Chinese universities and colleges continues to rise annually, the employment challenges confronting TVET students have become increasingly severe. Employing a quantitative correlational design, the study administered a questionnaire to 353 TVET students. The findings indicate that TVET students in Taiyuan demonstrate elevated levels of employability skills. Moreover, a positive correlation between employability skills and career adaptability was observed. The findings implies the role of academia in imparting the knowledge and skills essential for employability is paramount. By aiding TVET students in cultivating the skills demanded and valued by the industrial revolution, academia can play a pivotal role in shaping their prospective careers. This endeavour may aid in preparing TVET students in Taiyuan for employment and long-term career sustainability, facilitating swift adaptation to the evolving economy, and enhancing the quality of employment prospects.

D Leveraging on Youth Sensitive Policies for Enhancing Youth Inclination Towards Agriculture in the Era of Economic Uncertainties

David Nwanna Dumbiri — 2025-05-20

This research work aims to investigate how agricultural youth sensitive policies can be leveraged to enhance youth’s inclination towards agriculture in the era of economic uncertainties. Three research questions were raised to guild the study. The population of study comprised of 113 students from 100 levels to 400 level studying Agriculture Education in the Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin city, Edo State. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The entire population of 113 students was used because of the few students enrolled to study agriculture education in the Department. Questionnaire was administered to them, which was collected immediately after filling. Validated of instrument was by 3 experts from the Department of Vocational and Technical Education Faculty of Education. The data collected was analyzed using frequency count, mean and standard deviation. The findings of this study reveal that the current state of youth participation in Agriculture is low. It also examines the barriers and challenges facing youth’s participation and implementation of youth sensitive policy in Agriculture. The study also revealed the existing agricultural youth sensitive policies and the roles of policymakers in implementing Agricultural youth sensitive policies. It was recommended that government should; develop adaptive and flexible policy frameworks; Modernize Agricultural curricula to include practical skills, entrepreneurship, and digital technology training.; establish innovative financing and resource access mechanisms; and ensure active youth participation in policy formulation and implementation

Smart Flood Warning System with ESP32-Based IoT Control

Janain Burut — 2025-06-21

This study details the development of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based egg incubator designed to automate the control and monitoring of temperature and humidity, addressing the inefficiencies of traditional hatching methods. The primary aim was to design and build a cost-effective and user-friendly incubator prototype for small-scale poultry farming, capable of maintaining stable environmental conditions to improve hatching success rates. The methodology involved a product development approach, starting with the design of an electronic system using an ESP32 microcontroller and a DHT22 sensor, and constructing a physical prototype. The system's functionality was tested over a 21-day incubation period with 10 chicken eggs, and its usability was evaluated through a survey of 11 poultry farmers. The findings demonstrated that the system effectively maintained temperatures between 37.1°C and 37.7°C and humidity between 41% and 73%, resulting in three successful hatches. User feedback was positive, with 72.7% of farmers expressing interest in the system, though 100% indicated a need for training. In conclusion, the project successfully produced a functional IoT incubator that meets the technical requirements for egg incubation and shows strong potential for adoption by its target users. Further enhancements are recommended, such as incorporating alternative power supplies and developing advanced automation features.

Designing a Chicken Egg Incubator with IoT-Based Control

Mohamad Izzuddin Shah Tajul Ariffin — 2025-06-21

This study developed an Internet of Things (IoT)-based egg incubator system capable of automatically controlling and monitoring temperature and humidity. The system was designed using an ESP32 microcontroller, a DHT22 sensor, an LCD display, and a mobile application built on the Blynk platform for remote monitoring and control. The development process included the design of the electronic system, construction of the physical housing, and a 21-day functionality test using ten local chicken eggs. Test results showed that the system was able to maintain temperatures between 37.1°C and 37.7°C and humidity levels between 41% and 73%, which are consistent with the physiological requirements of chicken embryos. Three chicks successfully hatched on day 21. A survey of eleven poultry farmers revealed that 72.7% expressed interest in using the system, and 100% indicated the need for user training. These findings demonstrate that the developed IoT incubator system not only meets the technical requirements for egg incubation but also shows strong potential for adoption by target users. This study contributes to the development of a low-cost, portable, and user-friendly incubation system for small and medium-scale poultry farming.

Developing the KVSB EasyBus Mobile Application

Adam Hafiez Norazizan — 2025-06-21

Manual bus booking management at Kolej Vokasional Sungai Buloh (KVSB) has long caused various issues such as schedule confusion, booking overlaps, and loss of information. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the KVSB EasyBus mobile application as a digital alternative to the existing system. The research design employed the SDLC Waterfall model, which includes phases of analysis, design, implementation, and testing. Data were collected through questionnaires involving 45 lecturers and feedback from 15 application testers. The study found that 95.6% of respondents supported the development of the application, and all testers stated that the app was easy to use, had a user-friendly interface, and enabled smooth bus booking processes. The mean score for ease of use of the application was 4.6, while the manual system only recorded a satisfaction mean score of 2.7. This study proves that KVSB EasyBus can overcome the limitations of the manual system and enhance logistical management efficiency in vocational education institutions. The study also recommends improvements, including the integration of an academic calendar and notification features to maximize the long-term usability of the application.

A job satisfactions key elements affecting job performance of tourism lecturers at Vocational Colleges in Malaysia: A Need analysis

Nor Roselidyawaty Mohd Rokeman — 2025-07-05

Job satisfaction factors play a significant role in influencing the overall job performance of academic staff in TVET institutions. Identifying and addressing these factors is crucial to ensure high-quality education and training. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the key elements affecting job satisfaction among tourism vocational lecturers at vocational colleges in Malaysia. Effectively managing the well-being of tourism lecturers requires a deliberate emphasis on these factors to create an environment conducive to job satisfaction. This study adopts Maslow's Theory of Job Satisfaction, focusing on factors such as the work environment, colleagues, workload, and salary benefits. This qualitative study employed a semi-structured interview protocol to conduct a needs analysis. Four tourism lecturers, who were appointed as facilitators and had expertise in the tourism field, were selected via purposive sampling. The interview results were transcribed and analyzed using Atlas.ti software. Based on the needs analysis, all four respondents agreed that the key elements of job satisfaction are primarily centered around the work environment, salary and allowances, colleagues, and workload. The implications of these findings reveal the multifaceted connection between various factors affecting job satisfaction among tourism lecturers. This study provides valuable insights for educational institutions and management personnel tasked with enhancing the well-being and performance of tourism lecturers. The outcomes of this research can help decision-makers improve job satisfaction among tourism lecturers at vocational colleges in Malaysia.

Pre-Service TVET Teachers’ Readiness to Apply Entrepreneurial Elements: Instrument Content Validity using Content Validity Index (CVI)

Zabidi Abdul Wahab — 2025-07-05

The transformation in education requires pre-service TVET teachers to be prepared with entrepreneurial elements that can enhance their resilience. The pre-service TVET teachers’ readiness to apply entrepreneurial elements in their field of study needs to be assessed. Therefore, an instrument needs to be identified and evaluated to measure the readiness to apply entrepreneurial elements among pre-service TVET teachers. The content validity is a necessary method to assess an instrument’s suitability as an effective measuring tool. This study will use the Content Validity Index (CVI) method to assess the content validity of an adapted instrument. The evaluated instrument contains 15 items based on three domains. A total of eight panel experts were selected through purposive sampling to participate in this study. The panel experts consisted of five professional experts in psychometrics, assessment, educational psychology, languages, and entrepreneurship and three lay experts who are practitioners in applying entrepreneurial elements in their respective professional fields. The findings show that the adapted instrument has relevant content validity and potentially can measure the readiness to apply entrepreneurial elements among pre-service TVET teachers.

The Correlation Between Students' Cognitive and Psychomotor Performance in an Embedded Systems Course in Electrical Engineering

Rohaiza Baharudin — 2025-07-05

This study examines the relationship between students' performance in the cognitive and psychomotor domains within the context of Electrical Measurement (ESE122) for the Diploma in Electrical Engineering program. The research aims to assess how theoretical knowledge (cognitive domain) and practical skills (psychomotor domain) contribute to overall course outcomes in this embedded course. A total of 193 students participated in the study. The course assessment is composed of 70% cognitive domain and 30% psychomotor domain. Descriptive statistical analysis, including frequency counts and measures of central tendency, was employed to evaluate student performance. Additionally, Spearman’s rank-order correlation was used to determine the association between cognitive and psychomotor scores. The findings indicate a positive correlation between the two domains, suggesting that students who excel in theoretical assessments tend to perform well in practical applications. These results highlight the importance of integrating hands-on learning with theoretical instruction to enhance student competency. The study provides insights for curriculum development, emphasizing a balanced approach to knowledge acquisition and skill application in engineering education.

Automatic PCB Cutting Machine Using ESP32 and Arduino IoT Cloud with Enhanced Safety Features for TVET Education

Mastura Tumin — 2025-07-05

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has accelerated the demand for automation and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, including in technical and vocational education. This study aims to design and develop a safer, more stable, and user-friendly automatic PCB cutting machine for use in TVET workshop environments. Key issues in manual methods and existing machines include unstable PCB holders, the absence of an emergency stop button and unstable control applications. Using the ADDIE model, the system was developed with an ESP32 microcontroller and the Arduino IoT Cloud platform. Continuity, voltage, and functionality tests showed the system operated successfully after tuning, was controllable both manually and remotely, and met safety and operational efficiency requirements. This study contributes to the development of compact automated systems suitable for experiential learning in technical education.

Application of Human-Computer Interaction in Online Music Education: A Case Study of 'Little Leaf Music Education’

Tonghui Sang — 2025-07-06

This study explores the application and development of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in online education, with a specific focus on online music learning. The research begins by summarizing the evolution of HCI concepts and technologies and analyzing trends in the global digital music industry. Data from 2010 to 2020 indicate that the industry experienced a decline followed by recovery, reaching a total revenue of USD 21.5 billion in 2020, a 7.7% year-on-year increase. This study explores the potential of human-computer interaction in strengthening music education by proposing a new online music application system based on human-computer interaction and evaluating existing software. A case study was conducted using the "Little Leaf Music Education" program as a practical example. Through a participatory action research approach, an HCI course evaluation scale was developed. Questionnaire surveys showed that 66.67% of the 12 students participated in group sessions, and among the four unregistered students, more than 60% attended classes. This indicates that teaching based on HCI has been widely and positively accepted. Further analysis revealed that under the HCI system, both the job submission rate and the pass rate reached 90%. In simulated exams, 75% of students achieved high scores. Moreover, both student and teacher satisfaction rates with HCI classes were recorded at 100%. These findings demonstrate that HCI significantly enriches interactive and hands-on music learning, effectively fostering students’ imagination and creativity. The results provide strong empirical and theoretical support for the future application and advancement of HCI technologies in broader online education contexts.